Causal Effects in Matching Mechanisms with Strategically Reported Preferences

A growing number of central authorities use assignment mechanisms to allocate students to schools in a way

that reflects student preferences and school priorities. However, most real-world mechanisms incentivize students to

strategically misreport their preferences. In this paper, we provide an approach for identifying the causal effects of

school assignment on future outcomes that accounts for strategic misreporting. Misreporting may invalidate existing

point-identification approaches, and we derive sharp bounds for causal effects that are robust to strategic behavior.

Our approach applies to any mechanism as long as there exist placement scores and cutoffs that characterize that

mechanism’s allocation rule. We use data from a deferred acceptance mechanism that assigns students to more than

1,000 university–major combinations in Chile. Matching theory predicts that students’ behavior in Chile should

be strategic because they can list only up to eight options, and we find empirical evidence consistent with such

behavior. Our bounds are informative enough to reveal significant heterogeneity in graduation success with respect

to preferences and school assignment.